What is the role of enzymes in digestion?

Enzymes play a crucial role in digestion by catalyzing biochemical reactions that break down complex molecules, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, into simpler forms that the body can easily absorb and utilize. During digestion, specific enzymes target particular types of molecules. For example, amylase breaks down starches into sugars, proteases cleave proteins into amino acids, and lipases convert fats into fatty acids and glycerol. This breakdown process is vital because the body cannot absorb complex molecules; they must first be converted into simpler components.

The effectiveness of enzymes in digestion is also influenced by factors such as temperature and pH, which can affect the enzyme's activity and efficiency. Overall, enzymes are essential for making nutrients available to the body, ensuring that the digestive process functions smoothly and efficiently.