What is the main function of the Golgi body?

The main function of the Golgi body, also known as the Golgi apparatus, is indeed focused on the processing and management of proteins within the cell. This specialized organelle is responsible for transporting, modifying, and packaging proteins that are synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Once these proteins are received by the Golgi body, they undergo modifications such as glycosylation, which is the addition of sugar moieties, and other chemical alterations necessary for their final functional form.

After processing, the Golgi apparatus then packages these proteins into vesicles, which can be delivered to various destinations within the cell or secreted outside the cell. This efficient system ensures that proteins are correctly directed and functional in their specified roles, crucial for cellular operations and overall homeostasis.

Other functions mentioned in the choices do not align with the primary role of the Golgi body, as it does not engage directly in the synthesis of DNA, production of lipids, or generating ATP, which are handled by other cellular structures such as the nucleus, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, and mitochondria, respectively. Thus, the correct answer highlights the Golgi body's critical role in the post-translational modification and transport of proteins.